Reported speech: reporting verbs
affirmer, prétendre, suggérer, reprocher, conseiller…
⚡Key points
A rich set of reporting verbs
Instead of the neutral dire, use verbs that convey a nuance: affirmer, déclarer (to assert), prétendre (to claim — with doubt), ajouter, préciser (to add, to specify), avouer, reconnaître (to admit).
Verbs + que + indicative
affirmer / déclarer
Il affirme qu’il est innocent. (He asserts that he is innocent.)
prétendre (doubt)
Elle prétend qu’elle n’était pas là. (She claims she wasn’t there.)
reconnaître / avouer
Il a avoué qu’il avait menti. (He admitted he had lied.)
Structures: de + infinitive, subjunctive
Verbs of advice and command take de + infinitive: conseiller, demander, ordonner, proposer, interdire de faire. Verbs of will require the subjunctive: exiger, suggérer, souhaiter que. The verb reprocher introduces a reproach: reprocher à qqn de faire.
Reporting-verb structures
| conseiller de + inf. | Il me conseille de partir. | advice |
| ordonner de + inf. | Il a ordonné de sortir. | order |
| exiger que + subj. | Il exige que je parte. | demand → subjunctive |
| suggérer que + subj. | Elle suggère qu’on attende. | suggestion → subjunctive |
| reprocher de + inf. | Il me reproche d’être en retard. | reproach |
💡⚠️ The structure depends on the verb
Dialogue: reporting a meeting
Léa: The director declared that the results were good. | Tom: But he reproached the team for being late. | Léa: He suggested we review the schedule. | Tom: And he advised us to communicate better.