Numbers 0–20 and Age
Counting from 0 to 20 and talking about age in Russian
⚡Key points
Numbers 0 to 10
Russian numbers have their quirks. Оди́н agrees in gender like an adjective. Два has a feminine form (две). From five on, the form is uniform.
Numbers 0–10
| 0 | ноль | zero |
| 1 | оди́н / одна / одно | one (m. / f. / n.) — gender agreement |
| 2 | два / две | two (m./n. / f.) |
| 3 | три | three — invariable |
| 4 | четы́ре | four — invariable |
| 5 | пять | five |
| 6 | шесть | six |
| 7 | семь | seven |
| 8 | восемь | eight |
| 9 | девять | nine |
| 10 | де́сять | ten |
Quirks of оди́н and два
Оди́н agrees in gender
оди́н стол (one table — masculine)
одна кни́га (one book — feminine, since кни́га is feminine)
одно окно́ (one window — neuter)
Два / две
два стола́ (two tables — m.)
две кни́ги (two books — f.)
два окна (two windows — neuter, uses два)
Dialogue: counting at the market
Buyer: How much is one chocolate? — Seller: Five rubles. How many would you like? — Buyer: Give me three, please. And one water. — Seller: Right. Eight rubles in total.
Numbers 11–20
Numbers 11 to 19 are built with the suffix -надцать (literally "on ten"). They are invariable in gender. 20 = двадцать is also a regular independent form.
Numbers 11–20
| 11 | одиннадцать | eleven (оди́н + надцать) |
| 12 | двенадцать | twelve |
| 13 | тринадцать | thirteen |
| 14 | четырнадцать | fourteen |
| 15 | пятнадцать | fifteen |
| 16 | шестнадцать | sixteen |
| 17 | семнадцать | seventeen |
| 18 | восемнадцать | eighteen |
| 19 | девятнадцать | nineteen |
| 20 | двадцать | twenty |
Saying your age: "Мне 30 лет"
Age is not expressed with "to be" — it uses the dative of the subject + the number + the right form of год (year). Literally: "to me 30 years". The word "год" takes three different forms depending on the number.
The three forms of "год"
| 1 (nominative) | год | Мне 1 год. (I am 1 year old.) |
| 2, 3, 4 (gen. sing.) | года | Мне 22 года. (I am 22.) |
| 5-20 (gen. plural) | лет | Мне 5 / 12 / 20 лет. |
| Beyond | Last digit rules | 21 год, 22 года, 25 лет, 31 год… |
💡📌 The last-digit rule
Dialogue: talking about age
Journalist: How old are you? — Anna: I am 28. And you? — Journalist: I am 35. Do you have children? — Anna: Yes, I have a daughter. She is 4. — Journalist: Wonderful! And my son is 12.