себя́ and свой: the reflexive
Referring back to the subject: “oneself” (себя́) and “one’s own” (свой)
⚡Key points
себя́: “oneself”
The pronoun себя́ always refers to the subject of the sentence, whoever that subject is (me, you, him…). It has no nominative (it is never the subject) and declines in the other cases.
Declension of себя́
| Nominative | — | does not exist (never the subject) |
| Accusative / Genitive | себя́ | Я ви́жу себя́ в зе́ркале. (I see myself) |
| Dative / Prepositional | себе́ | Он купи́л себе́ кни́гу. / Расскажи о себе́. |
| Instrumental | собой | Он дово́лен собой. (he is pleased with himself) |
себя́ refers to the subject
Action coming back on the subject
Я ви́жу себя́ в зе́ркале. (subject я and object себя́ = same person)
Возьми с собой зонт. (take an umbrella with you)
Common expressions
Расскажи́те о себе́. (tell us about yourself)
Чу́вствую себя́ хорошо́. (I feel well)
свой: “one’s own”
The reflexive possessive свой shows that the thing belongs to the subject of the sentence. It declines like мой and agrees with the thing owned.
💡⚠️ свой (the subject’s) vs его́/её (someone else’s)
свой declined
Agreement with the thing owned
Я люблю́ свою рабо́ту. (acc. fem.)
Он говори́т о своих пла́нах. (prep. plural)
Она́ помога́ет своему бра́ту. (dative)
Dialogue: talking about oneself
Ira: Tell me about yourself and your job. — Gena: I love my job. I’m pleased with myself and my life. — Ira: And did you bring your documents with you? — Gena: Yes, I put them in my backpack.